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Wood is the organic material that is in the stems and roots of trees as well as other woody plants. Gambia wood gets used in the manufacture of tools and weapons, furniture, in decorative woodwork and fuel production. Did you know that wood gets dated by carbon dating to recognize when a particular wooden object got created? And that variation in tree ring width per year clues the prevalent climate when a specific tree got cut? 

Wood has been used as an essential building material since the Palaeolithic times. It served in making furniture, weapon and tools. In the 7000BC wood was used in the transportation of people and their goods. The discovery of the wheel in the 3-4000BC, on the other hand, saw the development of carts. The use of wood has evolved over the years, but its constant use in construction has only but got better.

Gambia wood gets categorized under angiosperms. The name angiosperm was given because their seeds are enclosed in pods or fruits. These trees produce tropical and temperate hardwoods. The trees are porous, broad-leaved and are deciduous; they drop their leaves every fall. Contrary to what you’d think, some hardwoods are softer than softwoods. They also have attractive and lovely grains. Some size measurements for hardwood are 1 inch or 1 ½ inch. 

Gambia’s forestry is an essential factor in the country’s economy. Its forest resources cover from 350,000 to 505,300 km. Forestry accounts for 2% of the country’s GDP while 10% of the country’s land area is woodland. Around the central river region and upper river, is where a lot of the resources for wood get planted. 

The hardwood in the Gambia consists of the mahogany tree which produces red-brown timber that is straight-grained and the rosewood, which is a crooked tree with whitish or pink flowers and leathery leaves.

Hardwoods are predominant in tropical and semi-tropical forests. Those in the Gambia grow under adequate sunlight and moisture during the growing stage. Also, deep and fertile soil with good drainage makes for excellent growing conditions. 

The harvest period is not determined by ripening time as are other crops by factors like personnel and machines, hence the availability of wood in the Gambia is all year round. 

Harvesting in the Gambia involves the marking of trees that will get removed, a process called selective cutting and then the felling of the trees using machines like chain saws. The felled trees are then processed. The processing involves topping, which is the removal of the treetop, delimbing, bucking or crosscutting the logs and sawing them into appropriate lengths, debarking and at times logging the residues or chipping the undesirable trees. Harvested wood also has to be dried. Wood is either dried in the open air, a process that may run for months or to speed up the process, kilns are used. 

After this, the wood gets transported to a dry storage site where it gets preserved to extend its life by use of paint or insecticide. The final stage of the process is the packing of the wood in pallets with the wood wrapped in bundles of 60 to 70 pounds and its export under 8% moisture content environment. The Gambia exports its wood to Mali, Guinea Bissau, Netherlands, United Kingdom and Finland 

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