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Did you know that there is a festival that celebrates the blooming of the Morocco almond nuts tree?

Almonds are among the worlds most popular tree nuts. They are edible seeds of Prunus dulcis more commonly known as an almond tree. The almond tree produces white to pale pink flowers and hairy green fruits which are oblong shaped. The fruit is a drupe, hence contains a single seed. A hard brown shell protects the seeds. During maturity, the fleshy part of the fruit becomes leathery and splits to reveal the nut inside. The nut generally measures 3.5 to 6cmi in length. They are very nutritious and contain healthy fats, antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals.

The almond is native to Iran and was spread by humans in the ancient times along the shores of the Mediterranean to Morocco.

There are two varieties of Morocco almond nuts.

1. Sweet almond(p.dulcis variety Dulcis)
2. Bitter almond(p.dulcis variety Amara)

Sweet almond is a common edible type consumed as nuts and used in cooking or as a source of almond oil/meal.

Bitter almond is slightly shorter and broader than sweet almond. It contains about 50 % of the fixed oil that occurs in sweet almond. It is used in the manufacture of flavouring extracts of food and liqueurs, though prussic acid must be removed.

Morocco almond nuts grow best in a Mediterranean climate with warm, dry summers and mild, wet winters. The optimal temperatures for their growth is between 15 degrees Celsius and 30 degrees Celsius. The buds have a chilling requirement of 12  to 25 days below 7.3 degrees Celcius to break dormancy.

Farmers grow almond trees throughout the year and harvest them between the months of August to October. Small scale farmers harvest by hand but in large scale farming growers have mechanical tree shaker which allows the almonds to fall into the ground. For the next 8 to 10 days, the almonds continue to dry in their shell in their orchard and are then swept and picked by the machine.

Harvesting begins when about 95 % of the nuts have hulls that have split open to expose in-shell almond inside. Almond harvested at the proper time usually require additional drying to prevent mould growth in storage. To dry the nuts, they are spread in a thin layer on a tray or screen to allow good air circulation. When adequately dried inshell almonds can be stored for eight months at a room temperature of 20 degrees Celsius and a year or more at 32 degrees Celsius

Morocco almond nuts are mostly packed in standard sizes of 25kg cartons although many traders accept imperial units and packages of 5,10 and 12kg packages.

Morocco is ranked 3rd among the nations of the world in almond nut production. In 2017 it produced 116,923 tonnes of almond nuts. Most of the nuts are exported to Europe, especially Spain.

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