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Over recent years, Ghana octopus industry has been growing gradually, mainly because of the octopus’ market in the European and Asian countries. Although there is a small market for the octopus locally, octopus also plays a significant role in the economy of the country.

The octopus is a soft-bodied mollusc of the order octodad. An approximate of 300 species of octopus are recognised globally. Octopus is said to be among the most intelligent and most behaviorally diverse of all invertebrates. 

Ghana octopus is considered a delicacy in many parts of the world, especially in the Mediterranean and Asian seas. The size of these animals is varied as the largest ever recorded, giant pacific octopus, weighing about 272 kg and the smallest, octopus wolfi, weighing less than 1g. The average octopus weight 500g-8kg

Octopus live in different oceans and have learnt to adapt to different marine habitats. Hence this is why they are available in many parts of the world provided there is an ocean bordering the region. 

Over the past decade, Ghana is slowly growing its octopus exportation industry as the venture has proven to be profitable with the demand for the fish, both locally and internationally, is increasing. Ghana has an added advantage in that she is easily able to access the octopus as she borders the Atlantic ocean. The country’s government is also putting in resources and funding the venture as it has proved so far to be a profitable one. 

Most of the exports made are to the Asian nations as the octopus is now more prevalent in the region than any other place.

The most popular type of octopus in Ghana is the octopus Vulgaris otherwise known as the common octopus. The octopus is known to prefer the floors of relatively shallow coastal waters. It grows to about 25cm in mantle length with arms up to 1m long. 

It thrives in cooler temperatures, and it is often in the warm seasons that the octopus is found in deeper waters than usual. Octopus hunts at dawn and its prefered choice of food mostly include crabs, crayfish and bivalve molluscs. The octopus can change its colour and match with its surroundings, which makes it easier for the common octopus to jump upon any unwary prey that strays across its path.

The octopus is available basically throughout the year for anyone that might be interested. It is, however, essential to note that the octopus is in higher numbers during the colder seasons from June to October as they are more comfortable in more frigid waters. They prefer temperatures of between 15-16 degrees celsius. In warmer seasons, they tend to move deeper into the ocean, where temperatures are more relaxed and more suitable for them.

Octopus catching is an exercise which is often undertaken by the use of boats and other fishing vessels. In other cases, traps are also used in the catching of the octopus. Many at times, the use of snares in octopus catching is not recommended as the animal is quite intelligent and may end up opening the hatch and letting any other catch that might have been caught in the trap free. Hooks are not used during octopus fishing as the octopus often does not take the bait on hooks.

After fishing, the catch is stored in low-temperature refrigerators so that it does not rot. The octopus is then taken to a processing plant from where it is cleaned and the unnecessary internal organs removed to ready it for transportation. Packing of the octopus is done according to the quantity ordered by the buyer.

Transportation is usually done either by ship, air or vehicles dependent on the destination of the cargo. However, it is essential to note that each of these transport means is fitted with specialised state of the art cooling features to ensure that goods delivered are of the highest quality.

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